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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">environment</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Природообустройство</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prirodoobustrojstvo</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-6011</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РГАУ-МСХА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/1997-6011-2026-3-40-46</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">environment-1032</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЛИОРАЦИЯ, ВОДНОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО И АГРОФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LAND RECLAMATION, WATER ECONOMY AND AGROPHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние изменения климата на уплотнение почвы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The impact of climate change on soil compaction</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4702-0095</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаспарян</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gasparyan</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Николаевна Гаспарян, д-р с.-х. наук, профессор, гл. научный сотрудник лаборатории Географической сети опытов и цифровых агротехнологий</p><p>AuthorID: 362785</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina N. Gasparyan, DSs (Agro), Professor, Chief Researcher, Laboratory of Geographic Network of Experiments and Digital Agricultural Technologies</p><p>AuthorID: 362785</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irina150170@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9206-9862</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивашова</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivashova</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Николаевна Ивашова, канд. с.-х. наук, доцент кафедры систем автоматизированного проектирования и инженерных расчетов</p><p> AuthorID: 705761</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga N. Ivashova, CSs (Agro), Associate Professor, Department of Computer-Aided Design Systems and Engineering Calculations</p><p>AuthorID: 705761</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gas_shag@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7161-3654</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаспарян</surname><given-names>Ш. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gasparyan</surname><given-names>Sh. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шаген Вазгенович Гаспарян, канд. с.-х. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры технологии хранения и переработки плодоовощной и растениеводческой продукции</p><p>AuthorID: 756518</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shagen V. Gasparyan, CSs (Agro), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Storage and Processing of Fruit and Vegetable and Plant Products, Technological Institute</p><p>AuthorID: 756518</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ndeniskina@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3111-6869</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Денискина</surname><given-names>Н. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Deniskina</surname><given-names>N. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Федоровна Денискина, канд.биолог. наук, доцент кафедры защиты растений</p><p>AuthorID: 767574</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia F. Deniskina, CSs (Biology), Associate Professor of the Department of Plant Protection</p><p>AuthorID: 767574</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ndeniskina@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт агрохимии имени Д.Н. Прянишникова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FGBNU “All-Russian Research Institute of Agrochemistry named after D.N. Pryanishnikov”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева; Институт мелиорации, водного хозяйства и строительства имени А.Н. Костякова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev; IA.N. Kostyakov Institute of Land Reclamation, Water Management and Construction</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева; Технологический институт</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev; Institute of Technology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева; Агробиотехнологий институт</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>RGAU-MSHA named after K.A. Timiryazev N. Kostyakov; Institute of Agrobiotechnologies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гаспарян И.Н., Ивашова О.Н., Гаспарян Ш.В., Денискина Н.Ф., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гаспарян И.Н., Ивашова О.Н., Гаспарян Ш.В., Денискина Н.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gasparyan I.N., Ivashova O.N., Gasparyan S.V., Deniskina N.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://environment.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/1032">https://environment.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/1032</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматривается влияние современных климатических изменений на процессы уплотнения почвы как одного из ключевых факторов снижения продуктивности агроэкосистем. Показано, что изменение климата в России проявляется не только в росте температуры (до 0,47°C за десятилетие), но и в трансформации гидротермического режима включая повышение частоты экстремальных осадков, изменение сезонности и рост климатической нестабильности. Установлено, что основным механизмом усиления уплотнения почвы является изменение водного режима почв: при увеличении доли ливневых осадков ухудшается инфильтрация влаги, усиливаются поверхностный сток и эрозия, формируется почвенная корка. Особое внимание уделено изменению физических свойств почвы. Уплотнение почвы сопровождается повышением плотности сложения (с 1,1-1,2 до 1,4-1,6 г/см³), снижением общей пористости (с 50-55 до 35-40%), ухудшением структуры и разрушением агрегатов. Это приводит к снижению водопроницаемости, ухудшению аэрации и нарушению газообмена, что ограничивает поступление кислорода к корням растений и почвенной биоте. Изменение соотношения твердой, жидкой и газовой фаз почвы ухудшает условия развития корневой системы и снижает эффективность использования влаги и элементов питания. Отмечается, что сочетание повышенной влажности почвы и роста массы сельскохозяйственной техники приводит к формированию устойчивых уплотненных горизонтов включая плужную подошву, что вызывает потери урожайности до 10-40%. Дополнительно рассматривается роль почвенной биоты, чувствительной к изменениям физического состояния почвы. В работе показано, что уплотнение почвы в условиях климатических изменений носит накопительный характер, формируя замкнутый цикл деградации, и требует комплексных мер адаптации сельского хозяйства</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article considers the impact of modern climate change on soil compaction processes as one of the key factors reducing the productivity of agroecosystems. It is shown that climate change in Russia is manifested not only in the increase in temperature (up to 0.47°C per decade), but also in the transformation of the hydrothermal regime, including an increase in the frequency of extreme precipitation events, a change in seasonality, and an increase in climatic instability. It has been established that the main mechanism for increasing compaction is a change in the water regime of soils: with an increase in the proportion of heavy precipitation, moisture infiltration deteriorates, surface runoff and erosion increase, and a soil crust forms. Particular attention is paid to changes in the physical properties of the soil. Compaction is accompanied by an increase in bulk density (from 1.1-1.2 to 1.4-1.6 g/cm³), a decrease in total porosity (from 50-55% to 35-40%), deterioration of the structure, and the destruction of aggregates. This leads to decreased water permeability, impaired aeration, and disrupted gas exchange, limiting oxygen supply to plant roots and soil biota. Changes in the ratio of solid, liquid, and gas phases in the soil worsen the conditions for root development and reduce the efficiency of moisture and nutrient use. It is noted that the combination of increased soil moisture and increased agricultural machinery mass leads to the formation of stable compacted horizons, including plow pans, causing yield losses of up to 10-40%. The role of soil biota, which is sensitive to changes in the physical condition of the soil, is also considered. The study demonstrates that compaction under climate change is cumulative, creating a vicious cycle of degradation and requiring comprehensive agricultural adaptation measures.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>изменение климатических условий</kwd><kwd>физические свойства</kwd><kwd>уплотнение почвы</kwd><kwd>плотность сложения</kwd><kwd>газообмен</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>climate change</kwd><kwd>physical properties</kwd><kwd>compaction</kwd><kwd>bulk density</kwd><kwd>gas exchange</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lobell D.B., Schlenker W., Costa-Roberts J. Climate trends and global crop production since 1980 // Science. 2011. Vol. 333, № 6042. Pр. 616-620. DOI: 10.1126/science.1204531</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lobell D.B., Schlenker W., Costa-Roberts J. 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