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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">environment</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Природообустройство</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prirodoobustrojstvo</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-6011</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РГАУ-МСХА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/1997-6011-2024-5-43-48</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">environment-596</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЛИОРАЦИЯ, ВОДНОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО И АГРОФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LAND RECLAMATION, WATER ECONOMY AND AGROPHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Технология производства  мелиоранта почвы и оценка эффективности его применения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Technology of the production of soil ameliorant and assessment of the effectiveness of its application</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1265-4071</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бенин</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Benin</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Михайлович Бенин - канд. техн. наук, доцент</p><p>WoS Researcher ID: ABG-6874-2020</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57216751281</p><p>127434, г. Москва, Тимирязевская ул., 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry M. Benin - CSc (Eng), associate professor</p><p> WoS Researcher ID: ABG-6874-2020</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57216751281</p><p>127434, Moscow, Timiryazevskaya street, 49</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d.benin@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9131-4472</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мочунова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mochunova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Александровна Мочунова - канд. техн. наук, доцент</p><p>WoS Researcher ID: AAE-5272-2022</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57321699300</p><p>127434, г. Москва, Тимирязевская ул., 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya A. Mochunova - CSc (Eng), associate professor</p><p>WoS Researcher ID: AAE-5272-2022</p><p> Scopus Author ID: 57321699300</p><p> 127434, Moscow, Timiryazevskaya street, 49</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mochunova@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5196-7447</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Широков</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shirokov</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Александрович Широков - д-р техн. наук, профессор</p><p>WoS Researcher ID: AAE-5952-2022</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57218279205</p><p> 127434, г. Москва, Тимирязевская ул., 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yury A. Shirokov - DSc (Eng), professor</p><p> WoS Researcher ID: AAE-5952-2022</p><p> Scopus Author ID: 57218279205</p><p>127434, Moscow, Timiryazevskaya street, 49</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shirokov001@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева; Институт мелиорации, водного хозяйства и строительства имени А.Н. Костякова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy; Institute of Land Reclamation, Water Management and Construction named after A.N. Kostyakov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бенин Д.М., Мочунова Н.А., Широков Ю.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бенин Д.М., Мочунова Н.А., Широков Ю.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Benin D.M., Mochunova N.A., Shirokov Y.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://environment.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/596">https://environment.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/596</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлены результаты разработки состава и технологии производства мелиоранта почвы на основе органических и минеральных отходов свекловичного севооборота и сахарного производства. Цель исследований – разработать состав мелиоранта почвы, технологию комплексной утилизации отходов производства свекловичного сахара и нехозяйственной части растений свекловичного севооборота и проверить эффективность на посевах сахарной свеклы. Проблема деградации почв ввиду интенсификации производства сахарной свеклы решается путем возврата органических и минеральных веществ, накопленных в отходах сахарного производства и нехозяйственной части биомассы растений свекловичного севооборота, обратно в почву для ее рекультивации. Мелиорант включает в себя дефекат, смешанный с водным раствором гуматов низинного торфа и органических остатков биомассы растений свекловичного севооборота. Используются физические методы активации гуматов путем воздействия ультразвуковыми колебаниями и сверхвысоким давлением микровзрывов пузырьков воздуха в гидродинамическом кавитационном генераторе. Учет, наблюдение и оценка биологической и хозяйственной эффективности проводились по общепринятым методикам и в соответствии с методическими рекомендациями Всероссийского научно-исследовательского института защиты растений (ВИЗР). Математическая обработка урожайных данных проведена по Б.А. Доспехову. Показано, что внесение мелиоранта в почву при выращивании сахарной свеклы позволило повысить урожайность на 6,9%, а сбор сахара – на 11,2%. Основным преимуществом предлагаемого способа производства мелиоранта почвы является то, что обеспечивается максимально возможный возврат вынесенных с урожаем питательных элементов обратно в почву. Кроме того, использование побочных продуктов и отходов сахарной промышленности позволяет возвратить для использования в земледелии тысячи гектаров земель, занятых отвалами.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The results of the development of the composition and technology of production of soil ameliorant based on organic and mineral waste from beet crop rotation and sugar production are presented. The purpose of the study: to develop the composition of the soil ameliorant and the technology of complex utilization of beet sugar production waste and non-economic parts of beet crop rotation plants and to test the effectiveness on sugar beet crops. The problem of soil degradation due to the intensification of sugar beet production is solved by returning organic and mineral substances accumulated in sugar production waste and non-economic part of the biomass of beet crop rotation plants back to the soil for its reclamation. The ameliorant includes a defecate mixed with an aqueous solution of humates of low land peat and organic residues of biomass of beetroot crop rotation plants. Physical methods of activation of humates are used by exposure to ultrasonic vibrations and ultrahigh pressure of micro-explosions of air bubbles in a hydrodynamic cavitation generator, Accounting, observation and evaluation of biological and economic efficiency were carried out according to generally accepted methods and in accordance with the methodological recommendations of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Plant Protection (VISR). Mathematical processing of crop data was carried out according to B.A. Dospekhov. It is shown that the introduction of ameliorant into the soil during the cultivation of sugar beet allowed to increase yields by 6.9%, and sugar harvesting by 11.2%. The main advantage of the proposed method of producing soil ameliorant is that it ensures the maximum possible return of nutrients carried out with the harvest back into the soil. In addition, the use of by-products and waste from the sugar industry makes it possible to return thousands of hectares of land occupied by landfills for use in agriculture.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>почва</kwd><kwd>мелиорант</kwd><kwd>сахарное производство</kwd><kwd>дефекат</kwd><kwd>сточные воды</kwd><kwd>торф</kwd><kwd>гуматы</kwd><kwd>ультразвук</kwd><kwd>кавитация</kwd><kwd>урожайность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>soil</kwd><kwd>ameliorant</kwd><kwd>sugar production</kwd><kwd>defecate</kwd><kwd>wastewater</kwd><kwd>peat</kwd><kwd>humates</kwd><kwd>ultrasound</kwd><kwd>cavitation</kwd><kwd>yield</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shirokov Y., Tikhnenko V. 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