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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">environment</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Природообустройство</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prirodoobustrojstvo</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-6011</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РГАУ-МСХА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/1997-6011-2025-4-81-88</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">environment-822</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИДРОТЕХНИЧЕСКОЕ СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гидродинамические исследования расширяющегося водобоя с гасителями энергии безэрозионной конструкции за трубчатым водосбросом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hydrodynamic studies of an expanding apron with energy absorbers of an erosion-free structure behind a tubular spillway</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2905-446X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черных</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernykh</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Николаевна Черных, канд. техн. наук, доцент</p><p>127434, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49</p><p>WoSResearcherID: S-2542-2018</p><p>ScopusAuthorID: 57213261727</p><p>AuthorID: 692667</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga N. Chernykh, CSc (Eng), associate professor</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: S-2542-2018</p><p>ScopusAuthorID: 57213261727</p><p>AuthorID: 692667</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chernih@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2617-9515</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурлаченко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burlachenko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алёна Владимировна Бурлаченко, канд. техн. наук, доцент</p><p>125319, г. Москва, Ленинградский пр-кт, 64</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: HPE-1499-2023</p><p>Scopus AuthorID: 57191856023</p><p>AuthorID: 1098780</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alena V. Burlachenko, CSc (Eng), associate professor</p><p>125319, Moscow, Leningradsky prospect, 64</p><p>WoSResearcherID: HPE-1499-2023</p><p>ScopusAuthorID: 57191856023</p><p>AuthorID: 1098780</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chtara@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурлаченко</surname><given-names>Я. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burlachenko</surname><given-names>Ya. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ярослав Юрьевич Бурлаченко, соискатель</p><p>127434, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yaroslav Yu. Burlachenko, the applicant</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yaroslav.burlachenko@sneak-mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева, Институт мелиорации, водного хозяйства и строительства имени А.Н. Костякова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University – Timiryazev Moscow Agricultural Academy, A.N. Kostyakov Institute of Land Reclamation, Water Management and Construction</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Moсковский автомобильно-дорожный государственный технический университет (МАДИ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>81</fpage><lpage>88</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Черных О.Н., Бурлаченко А.В., Бурлаченко Я.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Черных О.Н., Бурлаченко А.В., Бурлаченко Я.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chernykh O.N., Burlachenko A.V., Burlachenko Y.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://environment.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/822">https://environment.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/822</self-uri><abstract><p>Изложены результаты гидравлических и гидродинамических исследований расширяющегося водобойного участка нижнего бьефа с комплектом гасителей энергии, обеспечивающих необходимую энергогасящую способность, формирующих благоприятный режим течения за гидроузлом и позволяющих бороться со сбоем потока, несмотря на условия кавитации и значительные пульсационные нагрузки в начальной части водобоя 4-пролетного трубчатого водосброса. Оптимизация конструктивных элементов выходного оголовка позволит при реализации модернизированного аванпроекта после принятия решения о возобновлении строительства Нижне-Кафирниганского гидроузла обеспечить надежную работу его нижнего бьефа независимо от стадии кавитации и от изменения спектров и величины пульсации давления в отдельных точках и на локальных участках водобоя, стабилизировать движение потока в отводящем русле.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents the results of hydraulic and hydrodynamic studies ofthe expanding stilling section of the lower pool with a set of energy absorbers that provide the necessary energy-absorbing capacity, form a favorable flow regime behind the hydraulic structure and allow to combat flow failure, despite the cavitation conditions and significant pulsation loads in the initial part of the stilling section of the four-span tubular spillway. Optimization of the design elements of the outlet head will allow, when implementing the modernized preliminary design after the decision is made to resume construction of the Nizhne-Kafirnigansky hydraulic structure, to ensure reliable operation of its lower pool regardless of either the cavitation stage or changes in the spectra and magnitude of pressure pulsation at individual points and local sections of the stilling section, and to stabilize the flow in the outlet channel.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>4-пролетный водосброс</kwd><kwd>противокавитационная защита</kwd><kwd>расширяющийся водобой</kwd><kwd>сбой потока</kwd><kwd>пульсация давления</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>four-span spillway</kwd><kwd>anti-cavitation protection</kwd><kwd>expanding apron</kwd><kwd>flow failure</kwd><kwd>pressure pulsation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках соглашения № 075-15-2025-543 от 16.06.2025</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was carried out under agreement No. 075-15-2025-543 dated 16.06.2025</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Розанов Н.П. 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