Distribution of heavy metals by forms of existence and their content in the bottom sediments of the reach of the Ivankovsky reservoir

The  purpose  of the research  is to study the contamination of the bottom  sediments of the Ivankovsky reservoir with heavy metals. These deposits  of water bodies are quite sensitive indicators of their  pollution. The most  unfavorable pollutants are the following metals and  trace elements:  As, Cd, Hg, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, Co, Ni. According  to the data  of the work carried out in 2021, the trends  in changes in  the  pollution of  the  bottom   sediments of  the  Ivankovsky reservoir  are  considered.  The  content of mobile  forms  of existence  of the  following microelements was  determined: Cd,  Cu,  Pb, Zn,  Cr, Ni and  As. The content  of trace elements by forms  of existence  was determined by the method of A. Tessier, the results of the studies are given in accordance with the assessment by igeo-classes – by the contamination of the sorbent fraction (less than 0.02 mm). The main polluting elements in the mobile forms of the bottom sediments of the reservoir  are cadmium and  lead,  for which  the level of pollution is estimated within the 2nd igeo-class – from weakly to moderately polluted. A picture of both the contamination of the bottom sediments of the Ivankovsky reservoir with  trace elements, and  the distribution and  ratio of their mobile forms  of existence  in the sediments is presented. Elements such as Pb, Zn and  Cr are mainly in a form bound to iron and manganese hydroxides; Co, Cd, Ni, Cr and Cu are mostly in ion exchange and carbonate forms.   Based   on  the  data   obtained, at  present,   the  load  on  the  studied objects  is  not  dangerous. The obtained results  are of scientific  and practical interest  for organizations of geo-ecological orientation, for specialists in the field of environmental protection  and nature management.

1. Morzhuhina S.V. Geohimicheskaya otsenka zagryazneniya malyh rek (na primere reki Sestra Moskovskoj oblasti). Diss. na soisk. uch. st. kand. him. nauk. – Dubna: 2000. – 108 s. 1.

2. Avakyan A.B., Saltankin V.P., Sharapov V.A. Vodohranilishcha i ih vozdejstviya na okruzhayushchuyu sredu. M.: Nauka. 1987. 296 s.

3. Kolomiytsev N.V. Otsenka tekhnogennoj nagruzki na vodnye objekty po zagryaznennosti donnyh otlozhenij / Korzhenevskiy B.I., Iljina T.A., Getman E.N. // Melioratsiya i vodnoe hozyajstvo. 2015. № 6. S. 15-19.

4. Mueller G. Schwermetalle in den Sedimenten des Rheins – Veraenderungen seit 1971 // Umschau 79. 1979. H. 24. S. 778-783.

5. Vinogradov A.P. Geohimiya redkih i rasseyannyh elementov v pochvah. M.: Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1957. 235 s.

6. Turekian K.K., Wedepohl K.H. Distribution of the Elements in Some Major Units of the Earth’s Crust // Geological Society of America, Bulletin. 1961. Vol. 72. R. 175-192.

7. Modelirovanie erozionnyh protsessov na territorii malogo vodosbornogo bassejna / Pod red. A.S. Kerzhentseva, R. Majsnera. – M.: Nauka, 2006. 223 s. ISBN5-02-034205-X

8. Tessier A., Campbell P.G. C., Bisson M. Sequential Extraction Procedure for the Speciation of Particulate Trace Metals // Analytical chemistry. 1979. Vol. 51. No 7. P. 844-851.

9. Rukovodstvo po ekspluatatsii. Spektrometr atomno-adsorbtsionnyj «KVANT – Z.ETA – T». M.: Nauchno-proizvodstvennaya firma Kortek, 2006. 20 s.

10. Dmitriev E.A. Matematicheskaya statistika v pochvovedenii. M.: MGU, 1995. 320 s.

11. Tolkachyev G.Yu. Tyazhyolye metally v sisteme «voda – donnye otlozheniya». Saarbrucken: LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing. 2012. 98 s.

12. Tolkachyev G.Yu., Kolomiytsev N.V., Korzhenevskiy B.I. Soderzhanie i formy sushchestvovaniya tyazhelyh metallov v donnyh otlozheniyah Ivankovskogo i Uglichskogo vodohranilishch // Melioratsiya i vodnoe hozyajstvo. 2017. № 4. S. 37-43.