Features of cadmium translocation in plants of the linden (Tilia cordata Mill.) under pollution conditions (Sterlitamak industrial center)

The  purpose  of  the  research  is  to  assess  the  vital  state  of  woody  plants and  study  the  features  of  the  accumulation  and  distribution  of  cadmium  (Cd)  in  the  underground and aboveground organs of the small-leaved linden (Tilia cordata Mill.) under conditions of pollution of  the  Sterlitamak  industrial  center  and  in  the  conditional  control  zone.  It  was  established  that in  the  impact  zone  of  the  Sterlitamak  industrial  center  the  relative  vitality  of  small-leaved  linden trees  is  «weakened»  (Ln=72.75%),  and  in  the  conditional  control  zone  –  «healthy»  (Ln=88.25%). In  the  contaminated  zone  in  the  upper  soil  layer  of  0-10  cm,  the  saturation  with  absorbing linden  roots  was  32.42  ±  1.52  g/m2,  at  a  depth  of  10-20  cm  –  52.34  ±  2.50  g/m2,  and  at  a  depth of 20-30 cm – 31.30 ± 3.21 g/m2. In the conditional control zone, a similar pattern is noted: in the upper soil layer of 0-10 cm, the saturation with absorbing roots was 55.53 ± 2.52 g/m2, at a depth of 10-20 cm – 69.34 ± 4.62 g/m2. Technogenic Cd accumulates in the upper soil layers of 0-10 (20) cm, which leads to  a  decrease  in  the  proportion  of  absorbing  roots.  The  coefficients  of  biological  absorption  (0.71) and  accumulation  (1.30)  of  Cd  in  linden  roots  under  conditions  of  environmental  pollution  were calculated. It was shown that according to the content of Cd in the organs of linden, the following series is formed (in descending order): roots>branches>leaves. A decrease in Cd entry into the above-ground organs of linden was revealed, which indicates that the root system performs a barrier function in relation to pollutants. Linden plantations successfully grow in conditions of industrial pollution and generally perform environmental stabilizing functions.

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