The influence of a low-growing shrub in a flow-regulating forest belt of a combined design on the factors of runoff and elements of water balance in the forest-steppe of the Central Non-Chernozem earth

The purpose of the research is to identify and evaluate the role of a low-growing shrub in the flow-regulating forest belt of a combined design in the formation of the levels of natural factors of the surface runoff of meltwater and their influence on the elements of the water balance in the forest-steppe on the basis of knowledge of the patterns of interaction of meltwater with frozen soil. The studies were carried out on gray forest soils of the Orel region using the balance method on runoff sites. The main natural factors that need to be affected in order to regulate the slope of spring runoff are snow reserves, freezing depth and soil moisture. The high efficiency of flow-regulating forest belts of a combined (openwork-tightly-blown) design and the role of placing low-growing shrubs in them have been established. The most effective was its placement in the lower and upper rows of 4-row forest belts. They contribute to optimal snow deposition in the field and accumulation of the necessary amount of snow in the forest belts to prevent deep freezing and additional accumulation of moisture for their functioning. An important conclusion is made that when creating new anti-erosion and measures, it is necessary to apply techniques that affect the natural factors of the formation of runoff: snow reserves, freezing depth and soil moisture.

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