Studies of microclimatic heterogeneity of atmospheric precipitation on a separate field

The purpose of the research is to determine the microclimatic heterogeneity of precipitation in a single field during the active vegetation of agricultural plants on the territory of the Field experimental station of the Russian State Agricultural Academy named after C.A. Timiryazev. An assessment of the qualitative influence of local conditions forming the microclimate on the distribution of precipitation within a single field is given. Studies have established uneven moistening of agricultural landscapes by atmospheric precipitation during active vegetation in conditions of limited land use. The greatest influence of the studied microclimate factors was exerted by urban development, the presence of forest belts and the features of the underlying surface. At the same time, an important role in the processes of accumulation of productive moisture belongs to the water-physical properties of the soil, in particular its ability to absorb and retain moisture. To solve the problems of precision farming and create a digital model of a single field, taking into account the microclimatic features of the distribution of light, heat and moisture resources in agrophytocenoses is extremely important in terms of ensuring a safe production process and increasing crop yields. Background standard values of stationary meteorological site data do not fully reflect the dynamics of variability of meteorological elements in individual agricultural fields under the influence of local conditions. Therefore, the study and competent application of knowledge about the microclimatic features of agricultural landscapes in general and of a particular field in particular, is of great practical importance in the production of agricultural products. Scientifically-based placement of crops, site selection, clarification of terms and methods of sowing, terms and methods of tillage are only part of the important role of microclimate accounting. In addition, field crops determine their phytoclimatic differences, the peculiarity of which is the variability of microclimatic parameters during the growing season. This should also be taken into account when assessing the processes of plant growth and development, as well as planning various agrotechnical measures.

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