Corner retaining walls with vertical consoles in the form of shells and folds

Abstract

The subject of the study is reinforced concrete corner retaining walls, widely used in hydraulic engineering construction. Optimization of the shape of the vertical console of corner retaining walls is important to reduce internal forces and increase the stability of structures. When replacing flat panels with spatial structures in the console, bending moments are reduced; the predominant work of structures for compression or stretching allows reducing their thickness due to more efficient use of materials. The purpose of the study is to determine the optimal shape and nature of reinforcement of vertical retaining wall consoles, depending on their height. The study was conducted in the certified software package “LIRA-CAD2021”. Computational models of corner retaining walls with consoles in the form of multi-wave cylindrical shells and folds have been developed. At the junctions of the waves and the edges of the folds, racks are provided, pinched in the ground. Comparative calculations of structures in the software package “LIRA-CAD2021” were performed. The results of calculations are analyzed. Conclusions are drawn on the optimization of the structures of retaining walls with a vertical console in the form of shells and folds. The study showed that with a retaining wall height of up to 3 m, a retaining wall with a console in the form of a multi-wave shell is more rational in terms of material consumption. At a height of more than 3 m, retaining walls with a console in the form of folds with vertical posts at the interface of the faces become rational. For consoles in the form of shells, double reinforcement is recommended with an increase in the area of the reinforcement in the lower part and at the interface areas of adjacent waves. For consoles in the form of folds, double reinforcement is also recommended, but additional reinforcement is required only in the area of the interface of the panels with the foundation plate.