Biological features of some species of the family labiatae, the range of distribution, and the prospect of their use in landscaping

The purpose of the research is to study the biological characteristics, distribution area, and the possibility of using 18 species of the family of Clear-cut flowers in landscaping. The study of biological features and distribution areas of plant species is one of the fundamental elements of successful plant introduction and study. The conditions of the Stavropol upland belong to the zone of unstable humidification of the Stavropol Territory, are characterized by a temperate continental climate, the altitude above sea level is 640 m., the absolute temperature minimum is –31°C, the absolute maximum temperature is + 39.7°C. The frost-free period is 180…190 days. In the study of 18 species of the Labiatae family, the range of their distribution of species was described according to literary data, regular observations were carried out and their ecological and biological plasticity and peculiarities of cultivation were studied. The distribution range of the studied species is quite wide – most are found throughout the European part, in the Urals, Siberia, the Far East, and Central Asia of the Asian part of the continent. Most species are represented by winter-green herbaceous perennials, as well as biennials – Sage nutmeg, herbaceous perennials – Motherwort cordial, dwarf semishrub – Thyme Marshall, Thyme creeping, Thyme ordinary, half-shrub – Hyssop officinal, evergreen shrubs – Spicate lavender, Sage garden. All plants are responsive to watering, tolerate drought, suitable for growing in the light, the Hyssop officinal, Melissa medicinal, Catnip musina, Baikal scullcap, Motherwort cordial tolerate partial shade. All species are propagated by seeds (except peppermint), most by bush division and cuttings. Pests and diseases are slightly affected. The conducted research allows us to recommend plants for use not only for medicinal purposes, but also for use in landscaping in various techniques and styles. Their ability to enrich the air with essential oils, that suppress pathogenic microflora will significantly improve the quality of human life in overpopulated cities.

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