Theoretical and experimental foundations of the working process of vortex pumps

Vortex pumps are an integral part of various industries of chemical, oil and gas, nuclear thermal power, marine, agricultural, including water supply. This article discusses the design of vortex pumps, as well as the relationship between kinetic and energy parameters during their operation. Despite significant scientific achievements in the development of various pump designs of this type, there are disagreements in scientific and practical activities in explaining the basic principles of their operation, which is the subject of our research. This article describes in detail the principles of operation of a vortex pump and discusses general aspects of the theory of its working process. The ways of transferring the energy of the wheel of a liquid moving in the working channel of a vortex pump are considered. The article presents the energy dependences for the movement of liquid in the working cavities of the pump. A relation is obtained that shows that the increase in pressure in the lateral channel is determined only by the energy losses in the fluid stream and a criterion is derived that associates the beneficial effect of the pump with the energy losses.

1. Usakovskij V.M. Water supply and water removal in an agriculture. Moscow: Kolos, 2002. 328 p.

2. Ali M.S., Beglyarov D.S., Chebaevsky V.F. Pumps and pumping stations: Textbook. M.: Publishing house RSAU-MAA, 2015. 330 p.

3. Etc. Pumps, fans, air conditioners. Directory/ Roslyakov E.M., Kochenkov N.V., Zolotukhin I.V. St. Petersburg: Politekhnika, 2006. 882 p.

4. Krivchenko G.I. Hydraulic machines: textbook. M.: Energoatomizdat. 1989. 320 p.

5. Kikot A.V. Investigation of the pressure characteristics of a vortex pump LEOAPm 37. // Bulletin of science and education of the North-West of Russia, 2022, vol. 18, no. 3. P. 1‑7.

6. Kuznetsov V.I., Makarov V.V. Rank effect: experiment, theory, calculation. M.: Innovative Engineering, 2017. 376 p.

7. Baibakov O.V.. Vortex hydraulic machines. M.: Mechanical engineering, 1981.197 p.

8. Zhdanov I.L. Calculation of fluid flow in the vortex pump channels / Khaustov A.I., Sergievsky E.D., Ovchinnikov E.V. // Vestnik MAI, v. 10, No. 2, 2003.

9. Sha Y.; Yang M.; Kang C.; Wang J.; Huilong C. Design method and characteristic analysis of vortex pump. Trans. CSAE2004, 20, 124‑127.

10. Zhu R.; Chen J.; Wang X.; Su, B. Numerical simulation and experimental of influence of hem and high-low blade on performance of vortex pump. Fluid Mach. 2012, 40, 1‑5.

11. Hannanov R.B. Experimental test data of a vortex pump testing // Bulletin of the Kazan Technological University. 2012. Vol. 15, No. 8. pp. 287-288.

12. Sterenlicht D.V. Hydraulics: Textbook for universities, 5th ed., ster. M.: Lan, 2015. 656 p.