On the use of fish protection structures in the conditions of water intake buckets

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to assess the conditions forensuring the protection of fish from entering water intakes when using water intake buckets. The article analyzes the possibilities of protecting fish in conditions of use of water intake buckets, which, depending on the hydrological characteristics of the water source, taking into account changes in water levels and flow rates, as well as water protection requirements and sanitary and epidemiological conditions, provide the required conditions for water supply. The possibilities of ensuring the protection of fish when using water intake buckets are considered on the example of three designs from different water sources, of which only in one condition the protection of fish can be assessed as satisfactory. At the same time, the need for additional implementation of measures to remove fish from the bucket is a determining condition for the success of their conservation. However, this presents the greatest difficulty, which is currently not solved in the layout of bucket water intakes, including foreign practice. As possible fish protection devices for the conditions of water intake buckets, the designs are considered which use the effect of hydraulic flushing and diversion, in particular filtering, louvering, etc. Based on the results of the analysis of hydraulic conditions in the bucket, a scheme for the formation of a fish diverting stream with subsequent movement along the fish drainage tract beyond the influence of the water intake bucket is considered.