Analysis of the effect of electrophysical effects on photosynthetic activity and parameters of the grain crop structure

The aim of the work is to evaluate the effect of pre-sowing preparation of spring wheat and spring barley crops, through exposure to electromagnetic radiation, on seed quality, growth parameters, development and photosynthetic activity of plants, crop structure and biochemical composition of grain. The article discusses the effects of electromagnetic radiation on the growth, development and photosynthetic activity of spring grain crops – wheat and barley. The treatment of agricultural seeds with low-frequency magnetic and electric pulses, along with traditional pre-sowing operations, is able to activate the growth and quality characteristics of sowing. Laboratory and field germination, indicators of photosynthetic activity, crop structure and biochemical composition of seeds were analyzed. It has been established that electromagnetic radiation has a stimulating effect on the seed material of spring wheat and spring barley and helps to increase field germination. The alleged tendency to accelerate the transition to generative development in spring wheat and spring barley varieties, whose seeds were exposed to electromagnetic radiation before sowing, requires further investigation. Due to the favorable hydrothermal conditions during the period of grain formation and filling, no significant differences were found between varieties and crops in terms of dynamic parameters of growth, development, and photosynthetic activity. The biological yield of the studied grain varieties varied significantly by variants and amounted to 6.1-11.0 t/ha for spring wheat, 2.9-10.3 t/ha for spring barley. The maximum yield was recorded for spring wheat of the Ester variety in the irradiated variant, the minimum for the Radmir variety in the non-irradiated variant, and amounted to 11.0 and 6.1 t/ha, respectively. The highest biological yield of spring barley was in the Magnit variety in both variants, amounting to 8.2-10.3 t/ha, while in other varieties the yield averaged 2.9-3.2 t/ha.

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