Analysis of soil-ecological factors of variability of the arable layer of sod-podzolic soils in the basin of the small Loknash River

Abstract

The aim of the work is to identify and interpret the main components that determine the variability of the properties of the arable soil layer of sod-podzolic soils in the basin of the small Loknash River, as well as to evaluate the informative value and autonomy of independent variables based on the analysis of generality and specificity. The article presents the results of a study of soil and environmental factors that determine the variability of the properties of the arable layer in the basin of the small Loknash River in the Moscow region. Statistical data processing was performed using the principal component method (PCA) with varimax rotation. Three key factors were identified that explain 78.33% of the total dispersion: “Thermal regime and chemical properties of the soil” (36.04%), “Erosion intensity and position in the relief” (28.53%), “Insolation and hydrodynamics of the riverbed” (13.77%). The calculation of the generality and specificity of variables showed that the most integrated into the model are indicators of slope exposure, slope angle, channel slope, distance from the source, average air temperature, absolute elevation, density and pH. The amount of precipitation, potassium and phosphorus showed the greatest autonomy. The results obtained make it possible to carry out zoning of the territory according to the risk of erosion, optimize fertilization and take into account microclimatic features when planning land reclamation measures.